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This is a short list of resources for getting started with AVR microcontrollers. It’s intended as a supplement to intro AVR classes that we have given. We intend to periodically update this list; leave your suggestions for additions in the comments, please. (Last update: October 2012)

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For a recent project, I needed to control sixteen or seventeen LEDs with a microprocessor.The one that I chose was the Atmel ATtiny2313, because it has 20 pins, with up to eighteen outputs, can run without an external oscillator, and is fairly inexpensive at around $2.00 per piece. This Mad Scientist is not actually crazy, he’s just mad someone broke his beakers. As long as it wasn’t you, you’ll be perfectly safe Recommended Yarn Under 30 yards of each color used in worsted weight yarn. Recommended Hook 3.5mm US-E Finished Measurement 6' tall. For Mac users, a built-in program called disk utility can copy CD or DVD as an image in.cdr format and store them on your hard drive. Unfortunately, some programs like unetbootin require a disk image in.iso format.

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First of all, these GUI installers for the GNU AVR toolchain are really excellent: Two flavors for Mac and Windows:

CrossPack (Mac – recommended solution)

MHV AVR Tools (Windows – recommended solution. Also available for Linux and Mac)

On Linux and Unix-like operating systems (Macs included) you can also follow the directions given by bdmicro (330 kB PDF) for installing the components one at a time.

Almost certainly the best place to get started is at Ladyada’s AVR tutorial. It is extensive and up to date, and it will probably be kept up to date better than most of the other resources that we mention here.

A couple of other sets of instructions and reference guides:

Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! Please be sure to answer the question.Provide details and share your research! Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. In addition to the archetypical mad scientist, there are fictional characters of scientists and engineers who go above and beyond the regular demands of their professions to use their skills and knowledge for the betterment of others, often at great personal risk. In this list of fictional scientists and engineers, an annotated alphabetical overview is given of notable characters in this category.

• Sparkfun guide to embedded electronics, part I.
• MacAVR (Mac)
• The AVR Instruction Set (688 kB PDF), for those occasions when you need to assemble.
• Diagram of the GNU AVR toolchain
• AVR-libc user manual. Might want to jump right to the module list.
• The incredibly awesome online AVR fuse calculator! No more calculating fuse bytes by… um… calculator.
• AVRfuses fuse-programming application. Pretty sweet, cross platform.

Some notes on hardware:

• The AVR “Ghetto Programmer” – cheap, if you have a parallel port.
• PopSci teaches you how to take the The AVR Dragon programmer/dev board and make it actually useful.
• Useful list of AVR development tools at BDMicro

A few interesting examples of AVR source code:

• TV-B-Gone, the open-source version.
• Gobs of other good examples at Ladyada.net
• Procyon AVRlib by Pascal Stang. Open-source C libraries to do all kinds of things– some quite advanced.

Our own articles about and using AVR microcontrollers:

1. Programming the Atmel ATtiny2313 in Mac OS X (only partly Mac specific– but mostly out of date. Some hints about programmers, programming, and target boards.)
2. LED Micro-Readerboard, version 2.0: FAQ File (with hints about programming)
3. Business card breakout boards for ATmega48/88/168/328
4. Single Sided Circuit Board with an ATtiny2313
5. Business card breakout boards for ATtiny2313
6. Octolively Interactive LED panels
7. ISP Shield for Arduino

• 1Introduction
  • 1.2Manual updating with mphidflash

This page gives instructions on updating the EBB (EiBotBoard) firmware, which may be found on your AxiDraw, EggBot, WaterColorBot, or any other machine using the EBB as its controller. In most cases when the firmware is compatible with the current version of the software that you are using, no update is necessary. However, there may be cases where updating allows you to take advantage of new features in the Inkscape extension, bug fixes, or new commands available.

Important caution: If you are experiencing difficulty connecting to the machine over USB, then please do not update its firmware until those issues are resolved.

Updater applications for Mac and Windows[edit]

For most users on Mac and Windows, the most straightforward way to update is to run one of our ready-built applications that updates the firmware to the latest major release.

As of this writing, that latest major release is version 2.7.0, and firmware updaters are available to download here for Mac and here for Windows.

For either platform, connect the EBB to your computer via USB. Close any program that may be trying to communicate with the EBB then run the application, which will automatically update the firmware.

For Linux, or if you need to update to a different specific version of the firmware, please follow the 'Manual' updating procedures in the next section.

Manual updating with mphidflash[edit]

Besides the automatic updater applications, there are three different tools you can use to update your EBB firmware - a hardware programmer (like the PICKit2 from Microchip), Microchip's HID Bootloader application (which only runs under Windows), or the command-line mphidflash application.

Because one of the primary goals of the EBB ecosystem is to support all three OS platforms (Windows, Linux, Mac OS), this page will discuss the use of mphidflash. This application is cross platform and works identically on all three OSes.

You will need to be comfortable with a very small amount of command line work to use this tool.

Note for Linux users: The Linux version of mphidflash was developed and tested under Ubuntu. Other distributions may have additional dependencies. Additionally, this method requires an 'x86' type architecture; it does not currently run on Raspberry Pi.

Procedure[edit]

• Download the latest version of mphidflash, version 1.4 or newer. It can be found in the mphidflash repository. There is a single zip file download that has all of the source code plus a directory (or set of directories) with executables in them, one for each OS. Unpack the zip file.
• Some hints about installing this on Ubuntu can be found here.
• Open a command shell (terminal window) and navigate (cd) to the directory with the mphidflash executable for your OS. (For Windows users, do Start->Run then type in cmd and click OK.)
• To test that the software is ready and working, try it out as follows:

For Linux or Mac OS type

./mphidflash -h

For Windows type

mphidflash -h

You should see the help text for mphidflash. This shows that you can run the application properly.

• Download the EBB firmware. Easy link here.
• To 'manually' locate an EBB firmware version, look in the Eggbot Repository as 'EBB_Firmware.' Download the repository contents by clicking the 'Download ZIP' link. Identify the particular EBB firmware 'hex file' that you want to program onto your board. The EiBotBoard Firmware ZIP archive contains several slightly different versions: one for EBB version 1.1 (which shipped with clear-chassis kits in 2009), one for EBB 1.2, and one for EBB version 1.3 and higher-- correct for all more recent versions. If in doubt, use the 'EBB 1.3' versions.
• Copy the hex file to the folder that contains the mphidflash exectuable for your OS.
• Connect your EBB to the PC with a USB cable. Plug in power to the EBB.
• Put your EBB in 'bootloader mode' by doing one of the following:
  • Press the PRG button and hold it down while you press and release the RST button. Then release the PRG button.
  • If you are using the Inkscape based AxiDraw software, use the 'Enter EBB Bootloader mode' option from the Manual tab of AxiDraw Control
  • If you are using the CLI based AxiDraw software, use the corresponding bootload option.
• Confirm that your EBB is in bootload mode by looking at the red and green LEDs by the USB connector. They should be blinking back and forth pretty fast.
• From the command line, type (for Linux or Mac)

./mphidflash -w EBF_v265_BL.unified.hex -r

For Windows type

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mphidflash -w EBF_v265_BL.unified.hex -r

Where 'EBF_v265_BL.unified.hex' is the name of the hex file that you want to program.

• Confirm that you get a long series of dots '.' on the command line, and that there are no errors. Your EBB will reset itself at the end of the programming process (that's what the '-r' does).
• On Windows, if you have an older firmware and are updating to a relatively newer one, Windows may ask you to find a driver for the device when the EBB resets. You can install the proper windows 'INF' driver by downloading and running the EggBot installer for Windows, which Installs the USB driver (the 'UBW' driver) from GitHub. If Windows says the drivers are unsigned and do you want to continue, just allow it to install them.
• After you've updated your EBB with fresh firmware, you can check to see that the new firmware was successfully programmed by opening Inkscape, going to Extensions->Eggbot..., click on the Manual tab, select 'Check EBB Version' from the drop down list, and click Apply. In the little dialog box that pops up when this process is finished you should see something like 'Firmware Version 2.0.2' or whatever your version number is.

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Mad Scientist (kakalambo) Mac OS